Epidemiology of parvovirus B19 and anemia among kidney transplant recipients: A meta-analysis Thongprayoon C, Khoury NJ, Bathini T, Aeddula NR, Boonpheng B, Lertjitbanjong P, Watthanasuntorn K, Leeaphorn N, Chesdachai S, Torres-Ortiz A, Kaewput W, Bruminhent J, Mao MA, Cheungpasitporn W,

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Epidemiology of parvovirus B19 and anemia among kidney transplant recipients: A meta-analysis Charat Thongprayoon¹, Nadeen J Khoury², Tarun Bathini³, Narothama Reddy Aeddula⁴, Boonphiphop Boonpheng⁵, Ploypin Lertjitbanjong⁶, Kanramon Watthanasuntorn⁶, Napat Leeaphorn⁷, Supavit Chesdachai⁸, Aldo Torres-Ortiz⁹, Wisit Kaewput¹⁰, Jackrapong Bruminhent¹¹, Michael A Mao¹², Wisit Cheungpasitporn⁹ ¹ Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA ² Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA ³ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA ⁴ Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Deaconess Health System, Evansville, Indiana, USA ⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA ⁶ Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, New York, USA ⁷ Department of Medicine, Renal Transplant Program, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri, USA ⁸ Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA ⁹ Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA ¹⁰ Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand ¹¹ Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand ¹² Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA Correspondence Address: Wisit Cheungpasitporn, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi 39216 USA Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/UA.UA_89_19

Background: Persistent anemia has been described in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients with parvovirus B19 virus infection. However, the epidemiology of parvovirus B19 and parvovirus B19-related anemia after KTx remains unclear. We conducted this systematic review (1) to investigate the incidence of parvovirus B19 infection after KTx and (2) to assess the incidence of parvovirus B19 among KTx patients with anemia. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases from inception to March 2019 to identify studies that reported the incidence rate of parvovirus B19 infection and/or seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 in KTx recipients. Effect estimates from the individual studies were extracted and combined using random-effects, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. The protocol for this systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42019125716). Results: Nineteen observational studies with a total of 2108 KTx patients were enrolled. Overall, the pooled estimated seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G was 62.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.8%–76.1%). The pooled estimated incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA in the 1^st year after KTx was 10.3% (95% CI: 5.5%–18.4%). After sensitivity analysis excluded a study that solely included KTx patients with anemia, the pooled estimated incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA after KTx was 7.6% (95% CI: 3.7%–15.0%). Among KTx with anemia, the pooled estimated incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA was 27.4% (95% CI: 16.6%–41.7%). Meta-regression analysis demonstrated no significant correlations between the year of study and the incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA (P = 0.33). Egger's regression asymmetry test was performed and demonstrated no publication bias in all analyses. Conclusion: The overall estimated incidence of positive parvovirus B19 DNA after KTX is 10.3%. Among KTx with anemia, the incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA is 27.4%. The incidence of positive parvovirus B19 DNA does not seem to decrease overtime.

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    -  Thongprayoon C
    -  Khoury NJ
    -  Bathini T
    -  Aeddula NR
    -  Boonpheng B
    -  Lertjitbanjong P
    -  Watthanasuntorn K
    -  Leeaphorn N
    -  Chesdachai S
    -  Torres-Ortiz A
    -  Kaewput W
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